Clay Berndt

A Palworld dedicated server holds up to 32 players in one persistent world, against four in a co-op session, and the world keeps running when the host logs off. Pocketpair ships the server for Linux as a free SteamCMD download, and since version 1.0 left early access on 10 July 2026 its documentation has changed in ways older guides miss: the multithreading flags every tutorial copies are no longer recommended, and RCON is deprecated in favour of a REST API. On Ubuntu or Debian the setup runs from Pocketpair's own hardware requirements through the install, PalWorldSettings.ini and a systemd unit that saves the world before it stops, to the one port players need, crossplay for Xbox and PS5, backups and updates. Server-side mods are the one thing a Linux server cannot run.

A Valheim dedicated server keeps your world online when the friend who hosts it logs off, and it holds the game's full ten players without one of them carrying the whole simulation on a gaming PC. Iron Gate ships the server as a free SteamCMD download with a native Linux build. Valheim left early access with version 1.0 on 9 September 2026, and the release changed the save format: a world is now a folder of chunks instead of a .db and .fwl pair. On Ubuntu or Debian the server needs SteamCMD, three libraries, a systemd unit that stops it with SIGINT so it saves, and either three open UDP ports or Iron Gate's crossplay relay. Admin and ban lists, off-machine backups and BepInEx mods complete the setup.

Two separate limits apply to new data centres in the Amsterdam area. Planning law decides where one may be built and how much power it may add, and Amsterdam, Haarlemmermeer and the national government each set their own rules. Grid capacity decides whether TenneT and Liander can connect it, and in most of Noord-Holland they have no room for new large users. A project needs both a planning consent and a grid connection, so either limit can stop it. Those rules come from the two municipalities, the national government, the grid operators, the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM) and the courts, and date from July 2019 to August 2026.

Most of the electricity grid in Noord-Holland is full for new or larger connections from big users, and Amsterdam has stopped new data centres, and expansions of existing ones, until 2035. Servers already running in Amsterdam keep their power. The shortage is in new capacity: another building, a bigger grid connection, or a denser rack in an existing hall.

Hosting your own Minecraft server means the world your friends play in runs on hardware you control: no slot caps, no plugin restrictions, no per-player pricing. On a Linux VPS or dedicated server the path runs from sizing the machine and choosing between vanilla, Paper, Fabric and NeoForge to installing Java 25 and writing a systemd unit that survives reboots. After that come JVM sizing with Aikar's flags, the firewall rule and SRV record that let players in, whitelisting, backups, safe updating, and Bedrock crossplay through Geyser and Floodgate.

The three big media servers used to differ mainly in polish. After Plex's 2025–2026 pricing changes (remote streaming behind a paywall, the lifetime pass at $749.99) the differences are now philosophical: fully free and open, freemium-with-account, or quietly commercial. This comparison lays out what's actually paywalled where, the remote-access and privacy models, honest transcoding hardware guidance for server deployments, and a verdict by user type.

RAID decides two things about your server before it ever boots: how much of the storage you're paying for is usable, and what happens at the moment a drive dies. Neither decision is reversible without rebuilding the array, so it's worth getting right at order time. This guide explains the four levels that matter in practice (0, 1, 5, and 10) plus ZFS's take on the same ideas, with honest guidance on rebuild risk, what RAID does not protect against, and which level fits which workload.

Most server sizing goes wrong in one of two directions: paying for cores that idle at 3% for a year, or discovering at launch that the database's hot set doesn't fit in RAM. Both mistakes come from skipping the same step: sizing from the workload instead of from a price list. This guide gives you the method (baseline, headroom, growth), the per-workload heuristics for CPU, RAM, storage and bandwidth, and the honest answer to when you should scale up versus out.

A game server is a single-threaded simulation loop on a fixed clock, so it lives or dies on per-core speed and steady timing, not core count. A shared VPS puts a hypervisor's scheduler between that loop and the CPU, and the jitter shows up as missed ticks. Bare metal removes the layer. This pillar covers bare metal against a VPS and managed game panels, why clocks beat cores, real RAM figures for Minecraft, Rust, ARK, Palworld, Valheim and CS2, storage and DDoS reality, running Pterodactyl or its Pelican fork yourself, and the honest cases where a VPS is still the right call.

Ping is only part of what a player feels. A single round trip runs through input sampling, the last mile, transit and peering, a queue on the server, and the wait for the next simulation tick before the world reacts at all. This guide breaks down where felt delay actually comes from, how tick rate and netcode change the picture, why jitter and packet loss hurt more than a stable higher ping, and the one lever a host controls most: putting the server close to players on hardware that holds its tick rate.

Bare metal wins on the two numbers that decide whether a game server feels good: worst-case tick time and worst-case latency. A single-tenant VM on hardware you control gets close. An oversold multi-tenant VPS is where fixed-tick simulation falls apart, because a vCPU scheduled a few milliseconds late is a missed tick every player sees as rubber-banding. This guide covers what a hypervisor adds to a tick loop, why the 95th-percentile tick time matters more than average throughput, how to measure steal time and MSPT on your own server, and when a VM is still the right call.

A Windows dedicated server gives you a whole physical machine running Windows Server directly on the hardware, but which version and edition should you run on it? Windows Server 2019, 2022, and 2025 sit at different points on the support timeline, and Standard versus Datacenter changes what you can do with virtualisation. This guide explains what a bare-metal Windows server actually is, when it beats a VPS or cloud instance, and how to pick a version and edition by workload, support window, and licensing, with a side-by-side comparison and links to the right server.